Medical professionals now have an extensive array of tools at their disposal to make diagnosis of breast cancer more reliable, especially in the early stages. That's great news, since it considerably increases the odds of keeping breast cancer down to the level of 'serious but not permanently scarring or life-threatening'. Diagnosis will usually start with a clinical exam. The physician will perform a hands-on breast examination similar to the self-exam that is recommended for all women over age 19. Cancerous lumps generally feel harder and less mobile than benign cysts. Cancer tumors are frequently irregular while non-cancerous lumps tend to be round. A trained professional can often tell the difference. A mammogram assists in confirmation of the diagnosis. Modern digital mammograms typically rely on computer assistance. Detection of tumors is aided by complex algorithms that do a great job telling the difference between normal and suspect image sections. This tool greatly assists physicians in eliminating false positives and also helps in detecting smaller, less obvious issues in the early developmental stages. Ultrasound is another modern tool that has been improved since its introduction. They're excellent at helping to distinguish between a benign cyst and a cancer tumor. Since cysts are harmless, fluid-filled sacs they react to sound waves differently than do the harder, denser cancer cells. MRI or Magnetic Resonance Imaging is another method used to diagnose breast cancer. Years ago it was unheard of for an insurance company to pay for this extremely pricey test. But recently costs have become lower and coverage has expanded. It is now more common. This machine works by passing a powerful magnetic field over the breasts, thus exciting the molecules in a way that does not harm the body, but still produces very distinctive results. This allows professionals to use images generated with an MRI to detect extremely small abnormalities and issues. When other tests suggest that a closer look is warranted, a biopsy is often performed. Some may be as simple as a fine-needle aspiration. A small amount of fluid is removed via a needle from the detected breast lump. That fluid can be examined for cells that are associated with or constitute cancer. A deeper or core biopsy may be called for in certain cases. That too uses a needle, but one that's thicker and removes tissue. Still more tissue is removed in a surgical biopsy. The sample is then examined by an oncologist for the presence of cancer cells. A new test called a QM-MSP (quantitative multiplex methylation-specific PCR) was developed at John Hopkins University. This test guarantees more accurate and earlier diagnosis. This method relies on fluid that is drawn from the breast. The fluid is chemically tested and analyzed. When there is an occurrence of abnormally high levels of certain molecules this indicates the presence of cancer cells. Some studies have shown that clusters with as little as 50 cancer cells are able to be detected in this manner. It was able to detect cancer in 84 out of every 100 breast tumor samples used. Utilizing modern techniques and tests, diagnosis can be done in the early cancer stages with much better reliability than in the past. This is necessary in treating breast cancer at the earliest possible stage. Early treatment greatly improves the odds of keeping it from becoming a more serious issue than necessary.
Please Rate this Article 5 out of 54 out of 53 out of 52 out of 51 out of 5
Not yet Rated
