Hypertension is the pressure exerted by the blood against the blood vessels as it is pumped by the heart. when the pressure exerted by the blood increased, is known as high blood pressure or hypertension. this high blood pressure develops without showing any signs and symptoms.so early check up is better to find it and we can prevent complications. the blood pressure is checked by a device known as Spygmomanometer, with the help of stethoscope. the normal blood pressure of an healthy individual is 120/80 mm of hg. The pressure exerted by the blood when the heart contracts is known as systolic blood pressure and the pressure exerted when the heart dialates is known as diastolic blood pressure. The two major type of hypertension 1. essential hyprtention ( primary ) : accounts for 95% of hypertension. The cause of essential hypertension is multifactorial, that is, there are several factors whose combined effects causes this. Essential hypertension affects approximately 75 million Americans, yet its basic causes or underlying defects are not always known. Approximately 30 % of cases of essential hypertension are attributable to genetic factors. they have an increased resistance (stiffness or lack of elasticity) in the tiny arteries that are most distant from heart. 2. non essential or secondary hypertention : which accounts for 5% of hypertension, the high blood pressure is secondary to (caused by) a specific abnormality in one of the organs or systems of the body. Causes of Blood pressure. 1. obesity. 2.excess salt intake. 3. sedentary life styele 4. vascular diseases 5. renal diseases 6. adrenal gland tumor 7.genitic factot 8.Coarctation of the aorta 9. The metabolic syndrome 10.unknown cause. The blood pressure symptoms are asymptomatic untill the blood pressure becomes high. The blood pressure measurement in the spygmomanometer shows the elevated blood pressure and then only a person confirms he /she have hypertension. Headache and dizziness are the common symptoms of high blood pressrue. The following symptoms and signs of blood pressure may be felt with persons * Fatigue * confusion * nausea or upset stomac, * vision changes or problems * excessive sweating, * paleness or redness of skin, * nosebleeding, * Anxiety of unknown cause * palpitations * ringiging in the ear * Impotence If the blood remains at an elevated position for a longer duration of time, it is referred as high blood pressure. Medically it is termed as Hypertension. It is a serious disease and needs to be dealt carefully as it can be a precursor to a number of deadly diseases including heart attack, kidney failure, blindness and liver diseases. As said above, the symptoms are hardly traceable. It is very difficult to identify this disease physically as such. But still, some of the general symptoms of high blood presure symptoms noticed in most of the patients are: 1) nose bleeding 2) bouts of headache 3) dizziness and fatigue In severe cases of high blood pressure you may also notice signs and symptoms of 1) vomiting 2) breathing problems 3) drowsiness 4) seizures 5) confusion 6) restlessness 7) blood in the urine 8) moderate chest pain, 9) or even defects in vision and at times, coma Symptoms of high blood pressure are the warning signs of cardiac diseaseand need to be treated immidiately. TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE LIFE STYLE MODIFICATION : dont become slave to the snacks and spicies. because these leads to increased cholestrol level in the body. the regular exercises are very helpful to control hypertention. the docter usually recommand to reduce your weight or to reduce obesity. how to reduce weight? we should reduce the fat intake in the food. use more vegetables foods. avoid food stufs such as chicken, mutton,egg, cheese, masala etc. the recommendation is to give up SMOKINNG and AlCOHOL .smoking leads to changes in the blood vessels and alcohol damages the organs. instead of using lifts use stair cases. avoid sedentarylife styles. cultivate an habbit of walking every day morning or evening. do an half an hour exrecises atleast 3 days a week if you are busy. otherwise do the regular exercises it keeps you healthy and freshness as it enhances the easy blood flow in the body. Reduce the amount of SALT in the diet.the regular intake of calcium has an effect in reducing hypertention.use the fruits and vegetable rich diet, low fat or reduced fat,low sodium diet. This diet is known as the DASH diet(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension), and is based on National Institutes of Health sponsored research. the fruits, vegetables, and nuts have the added benefit of increasing dietary POTASSIUM, which offsets the effect of sodium and acts on the kidney to decrease blood pressure. The stress situation should be avoided, such as avoiding high sound levels or high illuminations helps in reducing blod pressure. to avoid stress condition the medication is prefered. AVOID HEAVY WORK LOAD AND BECOME TENSION FREE. MEDICATIONS. there are number of drugs to treat hypertention called antihypertensive drugs. which lowers the blood pressure. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5-6 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 40%, of coronary heart disease by 15-20%, and reduces the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from vascular disease. Commonly used drugs are 1.ace inhibitors : such as captopril, enalpril etc 2.angiotensin receptor antagonist : such as irbesartan, 3. alpa blockers : eg prazosin 4.beta blocker ; such as metoprolol, atenolol, labetalolol. 5.calcium channel blocker such as amlodipine verapamil etc. 6.diuretics: hydrochlorothiazide. 7. direct renin inhibiter: teckturna. this type of many medications should be used initially for hypertension. then the combination of drugs is given. Healthcaretips-dr.com is a well known company offers good medical information on internet. The organization has a group of doctors and writes good article of health and illness. The Hypertension article contains the important information such as causes of hypertension, hypertension symptoms, Treatment of hypertension, causes of blood pressure, signs of hypertension, pregnancy tips, hypertension treatment etc.
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