Cancer begins in cells and affects the functioning of the whole body, overtime. The basic nature of cancer is portrayed through abnormal duplication of cells which happens uncontrollably. Eventually, there will be a mass of cells forming in the body known as tumors. There are two types of tumors but only malignant ones are harmful. The other type is called benign meaning non cancerous. The Harmful cancer cells usually divide rapidly invading other nearby tissue and organs disorting the normal functioning of the body. The cancerous cells can also swim through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system to give rise to tumors in other places. Cancers are usually named after the place in which it starts. Therefore, names of cancer types as lung cancer, bone cancer, breast cancer and so on. If a lung cancer spreads to the brain, it is still called a metastatic lung cancer because it is caused by cancerous cells in the lungs. Statistics show breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and prostate cancer to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer types. Common symptoms for breast cancers are discharges from the nipples and lumps in the breasts which are often diagnosed through a mammogram. The most common therapies used for breast cancer are chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormonal therapy. Colon cancer has a variety of symptoms such as weight loss, bowel habit changes, discomfort and pain in abdomen, as well as fatigue. the exact causes of colon cancers are not yet known but it is believed, that genetic mutations that are passed down generations can act a risk factor. Similarly, genetics plays a big role in lung cancer. But the most common cause of lung cancer in the world is tobacco smoking, marijuana, exposure to radon and recurring inflammation of the lungs due to conditions such as pneumonia and tuberculosis. The common treatments for lung cancer are none other than chemotherapy, radiation therapy and sometimes surgery. prostate cancer treatments differ from stage to stage. Patients in the first stage of prostate cancer are often given external radiation as well as radical prostatectomy. For stage II, radiation therapies and hormonal therapies may work out. For stage III and IV, patients may want to move in to clinical trials of chemotherapy or continue radiation therapy along with hormone therapy. While risk factors for prostate cancer cannot be pinned down easily, many scientists agree that it may owe to dietary habits, family history, age and even ones race.
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