Non Destructive Testing or NDT is used to inspect the conditions of different materials, components or systems in a large number of industries including manufacturing, construction, automotive, aviation, railways and engineering. One of the hallmarks of the NDT testing is that it does not alter the material on which it is applied. As far as the engineering industries are concerned NDT is a highly valuable technique which not only makes the material defect free but also saves the time that you have to spend in the product evaluation, troubleshooting, and research. Some of the widely used methods of NDT testing are as follows: Ultrasonic testing: In ultrasonic testing, ultrasonic waves are used for the testing of the materials. These waves are introduced into the material through the transducer. Ultraviolet waves are known for travelling in a straight line with a uniform speed and get reflected when something obstructs their path like some deformity on the surface. The transducer converts this reflected portion in an electrical signal which later on gets fed into a diagnostic device. The results shown by this device helps in finding the flaw. Through ultrasonic testing, you can detect even the minute imperfections of the material. Magnetic-particle inspection: Magnetic particle inspection is very useful if you want to detect the surface and near surface defects of ferromagnetic materials. In this method, fine magnetic particles are spread over the surface of the material that is being tested. This material is also magnetized. The magnetic particles collects at a discontinuity like a crack, lap, inclusion or seam. Liquid Penetrant Inspection: Liquid Penetrant Inspection (LPI or PT) is very effective in detection of the flaws like fatigue, quench or grinding cracks and is mostly used to find the defects in metals, glass, plastics and fired ceramics. But Liquid Penetrant Inspection can only be used for the detecting flaws in materials which are not extremely rough or porous. It is a useful method of surface inspection which can be used finding flaws in parts of almost any shape. Radiographic testing: Radiographic Testing (RT) is used test hidden flaws of a material. In this method, short wavelength electromagnetic radiations are introduced in a material and amount of the radiation which comes from the other side of it is measured. Eddy-current testing: Eddy-current testing is used to detect the defects in the conductive materials through electromagnetic induction. It is used to find out the minor cracks on the surface of the material.
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