Power generation is one of the biggest priorities for people today as power has become an indispensable entity with its applications visible almost everywhere. From the ceiling fan to washing machines, air conditioners to blowers, everywhere we see and feel the need of power which is generated with the help of a single phase electric motor. These motors have become the heart and soul of these electric equipments and are the essence of power generation. The Basic Fundamentals A single phase electric motor basically works on the principle of the rotation of a rotor by an â€external†force, which is generally current given to a starting winding, which in turn is responsible for generating a torque that drives certain electrical appliances. It is necessary for the rotor to rotate properly in order to start a torque which is imminent for power and thereby the proper functioning of an electrical appliance. Characteristics and Applications A motor needs to be carefully selected for a machine or an appliance depending upon the application. For instance, if a motor which to too small or has low power rating is chosen for an application which requires a heavy motor, then there can be some serious consequences. A single phase electric motor can be divided into four types depending upon the way in which they are started: Split Phase †This type consists of an automatic switch which would stop the motor from running once the rotor reaches 75% of its rated full load speed. Capacitor Start †In this type there is a capacitor present in series with starting winding responsible for the rotation of the rotor. This results in doubling the starting torque of the rotor. Permanent Split Capacitor †This type has a capacitor which is permanently connected to the starting winding for continuous use. This results in low starting torque but it ensures the use of low starting current and increases reliability. Capacitor Run †This motor has two capacitors. One for startup and the other during the running of the motor. This results in high starting torque and higher efficiency. Hence it can be said that the single phase electric motor is an optimum and efficient method for power generation which if taken care of properly can last a lifetime with very little need of maintenance.
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