BOOTP is basically not a dynamic configuration protocol, actually when a client requests its IP address, the BOOTP server consults a table which matches the physical address of the client with its IP address. This suggests that the binding between the physical address and the IP address of the client already exists. This binding is predetermined one. Now, you may ask that what if the host moves from one physical network to another network and also what if the host wants to move to the temporary IP address? Truly speaking, BOOTP can’t handle these sort of situations as the biding between the physical and the IP addresses is static and is fixed in the table till it is changed by the administrator as BOOTP uses the static configuration tool. The DHCP which is in short called as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol has been devised to provide the static and the dynamic address allocation which can be either manual or automatic. The DHCP server has a database which statically binds the physical address to the IP address. When a DHCP client requests a temporary IP address, the DHCP server goes to the pool of available (unused) IP addresses and assigns an IP address for a negotiable period of time. When a DHCP client sends a request to a DHCP server, the server first checks the static database. If the entry with the requested physical address exists in the static database, then the permanent IP address of the client is returned, whereas on the other hand, if the entry doesn’t exist in the static database. If an entry with the requested physical exists in the static database, then the server selects the IP address from the available pool and then assigns the address to he client and adds the entry to the dynamic database. As soon as the addresses are assigned from the pool of addresses, the DHCP server issues a lease for a specific amount of time and when the lease expires the client must either stop using the IP address or may lease the IP. The server has the option to agree or disagree with the renewal. If the server disagrees, the client stops using the address.
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